{"id":1912,"date":"2023-12-26T10:41:33","date_gmt":"2023-12-26T10:41:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/doktorsimsek.com\/?page_id=1912"},"modified":"2023-12-26T10:43:42","modified_gmt":"2023-12-26T10:43:42","slug":"sinir-hasarlari-cerrahisi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/doktorsimsek.com\/en\/sinir-hasarlari-cerrahisi\/","title":{"rendered":"Sinir Hasarlar\u0131 Cerrahisi"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Tedaviler<\/div>

Sinir Hasarlar\u0131 Cerrahisi

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Sinirler travma nedeni ile zedelenebilir, kopabilir,

baz\u0131 \u00e7evresel anatomik yap\u0131lar nedeni ile bas\u0131ya u\u011frayabilir ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015fabilir.<\/strong><\/span><\/h1><\/div><\/header>
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Bu durumlarda bas\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131larak sinirin rahatlat\u0131lmas\u0131 ya da kesik u\u00e7lar\u0131n bulunarak ya u\u00e7 uca dikilerek tamiri veya araya bir sinir dokusundan par\u00e7a konularak tamiri gerekir.<\/h4>\n

T\u00fcm bu ameliyatlar mikroskop alt\u0131nda ve mikro aletlerle yap\u0131l\u0131r. Sinir dokusu i\u00e7i bo\u015f d\u00fcz bir boru \u015feklinde olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bu ameliyatlar sonras\u0131 iyile\u015fmenin g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in belli bir zamana ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Yani di\u011fer ameliyatlar gibi ameliyat sonras\u0131 hemen sinir \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r duruma gelmez. Bu sinirdeki hasar\u0131n derecesine, araya konulan par\u00e7an\u0131n uzunlu\u011funa ve buna benzer di\u011fer etkenlere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/h4>\n

Sinirler demetler halinde v\u00fccuda da\u011f\u0131l\u0131r. Adaleleri uyaran sinirler, a\u011fr\u0131, dokunma ve titre\u015fimi alg\u0131layan sinirler ile i\u00e7 organlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen sinirler olarak 3 gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/h4>\n

Sinirlerdeki tahribata ba\u011fl\u0131 geli\u015fen rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa n\u00f6ropati denir. N\u00f6ropati sonucu geli\u015fen a\u011fr\u0131lar n\u00f6ropatik a\u011fr\u0131lard\u0131r. Tek siniri tutuyorsa monon\u00f6ropati, birden fazla siniri tutuyorsa polin\u00f6ropati\u2018dir. Merkezden uzak sinirlerin tahribat\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 ise periferik n\u00f6ropatilerden bahsedilir.<\/h4>\n

En \u00e7ok \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 n\u00f6ropati geli\u015fir ve diyabetik n\u00f6ropati ismi verilir.<\/h4>\n

Sinir s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, t\u00fcm\u00f6r bas\u0131s\u0131, karpal t\u00fcnel sendromu, sinire gelen darbeler, iltihaplar, y\u00fcz felci, alkol kullan\u0131m\u0131, dengesiz beslenme, vitamin eksiklikleri, genetik hastal\u0131klar, a\u011f\u0131r metallere maruziyet, \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, kan ya\u011flar\u0131 y\u00fcksekli\u011fi, damar hastal\u0131klar\u0131, gereksiz vitamin kullan\u0131m\u0131, \u00fcremi gibi durumlarda n\u00f6ropati ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 n\u00f6ropatik a\u011fr\u0131lar meydana gelir. Baz\u0131 kemoterapi ila\u00e7lar\u0131 n\u00f6ropatiye neden olur.<\/h4>\n

N\u00f6ropati Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Belirtileri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00d6zellikle \u015feker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kol ve bacaklarda geli\u015fir. Tutulan sinirin besledi\u011fi b\u00f6lgede yanma, uyu\u015fukluk, batma, ar\u0131 sokmas\u0131 gibi \u015fikayetler olur. Yak\u0131nmalar geceleri daha fazla hissedilir. El ve ayaklarda eldiven ve \u00e7orap giyilmi\u015f gibi bask\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/h4>\n

Sinir s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve sinire gelen darbelerde tek tarafl\u0131d\u0131r. Di\u011fer hastal\u0131klarda \u00e7ift tarafl\u0131 n\u00f6ropati geli\u015fir.<\/h4>\n

Adaleleri uyaran sinirler tutulursa \u00e7abuk yorulma, harekette zorlanma, kramplar, kavanoz a\u00e7mada zorluk, musluk a\u00e7mada s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/h4>\n

\u0130\u00e7 organlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen sinirlerin tutulu\u015funda ise kab\u0131zl\u0131k, ishal, iktidars\u0131zl\u0131k gibi \u015fikayetler olur. Kanda iltihap h\u00fccreleri, \u015feker, B12 vitamini, folik asit, \u00fcre, kreatinini kolesterol, trigliserid de\u011ferlendirilir. \u0130drar tahlili bak\u0131l\u0131r.<\/h4>\n

EMG (elekromiyografi) ile n\u00f6ropati hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinilir. Sinir ve kastan al\u0131nacak biyopsi ile n\u00f6ropati t\u00fcr\u00fc ve madde birikimleri \u00f6\u011frenilir.<\/h4>\n

T\u00fcm\u00f6rden \u015f\u00fcphelenilirse MR istenebilir. A\u011f\u0131r metal maruziyeti s\u00f6z konusu ise toksikolojik incelemeler yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/h4>\n

N\u00f6ropati Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n T\u0131bbi Tedavi Y\u00f6ntemleri Nelerdir ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

N\u00f6ropatiye neden olan hatal\u0131k tedavi edilir. E\u011fer n\u00f6ropati ilerlerse kas g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, kaslar\u0131n yeterli kullan\u0131lamamas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 hareket kusuru ve sonras\u0131nda yata\u011fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 bir ya\u015fam geli\u015febilir.<\/h4>\n

N\u00f6ropatik a\u011fr\u0131 i\u00e7in sinirlerdeki a\u011fr\u0131 sinyallerini azaltan antidepresanlar, epilepsi ila\u00e7lar\u0131, gabapentin ve pregabalin t\u00fcrevi ila\u00e7lar kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Etkileri ge\u00e7 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. S\u00fcrekli ve d\u00fczenli kullanmak gereklidir.<\/h4>\n

N\u00f6ropati Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda Beslenme \u015eekli<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Sebze, meyve, bal\u0131k, f\u0131nd\u0131k, kepekli tah\u0131llar ve taze \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin t\u00fcketilmesi periferik n\u00f6ropati etkilerini azaltabilir, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir kiloyu korumada yararl\u0131 olabilir. Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenme ba\u011f\u0131rsak fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol eden kas kas\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyen sinirlerin i\u015flevlerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olarak ishal, kab\u0131zl\u0131k veya alt\u0131na ka\u00e7\u0131rma gibi yak\u0131nmalar\u0131 azaltabilir.<\/h4>\n

\u015eeker hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 n\u00f6ropatik a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 olanlarda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ya\u011f i\u00e7eren bitkisel temelli beslenme ve B12 vitamini deste\u011fi ile yak\u0131nmalarda azalma elde edilmi\u015ftir. Vegan diyetinin yan\u0131nda bal\u0131k t\u00fcketilmesi en sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenme gibi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/h4>\n

Alkol t\u00fcketilmemelidir.<\/h4>\n

N\u00f6ropati Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019nda Ya\u015fam Tarz\u0131 De\u011fi\u015fiklikleri Nelerdir ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n
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    Sigara i\u00e7iliyorsa b\u0131rak\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Sigara, sinir h\u00fccrelerini besleyen k\u0131lcal damarlar\u0131n daralmas\u0131na ve kanda oksijen d\u00fczeyinin azalmas\u0131na neden olarak sinir hasar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n
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    Muhtemelen hareketsizlik nedeni ile tutuk ve a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 olan kaslar\u0131 rahatlatmak i\u00e7in sabahlar\u0131 germe egzersizleri yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n
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    G\u00fcnl\u00fck y\u00fczme ve y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck yo\u011funluklu egzersizleri yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00fczenli egzersiz, a\u011fr\u0131 veya kramplar\u0131 azaltmak, kas g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc artt\u0131rmak, kandaki \u015feker seviyesini kontrol etmek i\u00e7in yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir ve kas kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyebilir.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n
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    N\u00f6ropatinin etkiledi\u011fi eklemler, eller ve ayaklar \u00fczerinde bask\u0131y\u0131 hafifletmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 oturma ve uyku teknikleri \u00f6\u011frenilmelidir. Ayaklada veya v\u00fccutta yara a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in g\u00fcnl\u00fck kontroller yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayaklar\u0131 rahatlatacak gev\u015fek \u00e7orap ve s\u0131kmayan rahat ayakkab\u0131 gibi se\u00e7imler yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131 engelleyecek tayt, \u00e7orap veya dar ayakkab\u0131dan ka\u00e7\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

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